Pdf distillation column tray hydraulics selection, sizing. Types of trays free download as powerpoint presentation. Optimization and dynamics of distillation column using. Normag bubble cap tray with bubble cap over flow tube glass weir bubble cap tray column, 5stage bubble cap tray column, silvercoated with. Plate comprises a rectangular bubble tray and has a ratio of length to width of the cap 201 of the tray of 550 with a. This thesis deals with gasliquid flow regimes on sieve trays for processes e.
Us2619337a us744053a us74405347a us2619337a us 2619337 a us2619337 a us 2619337a us 744053 a us744053 a us 744053a us 74405347 a us74405347 a us 74405347a us 2619337 a us2619337 a us 2619337a authority us united states prior art keywords tray beams ring column construction prior art date 19470426 legal status the legal status is an assumption and is not a. Vapour rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the cap, and finally bubbling through the. Biaya, bubble cap tray lebih mahal dibanding sieve dan valve tray. Pdf the combined effect of flow conditions, geometry and physical properties on distillation efficiency of a newly constructed smallsize. The bubblecap tray was the workhorse of distillation before the 1960s. A similar procedurecan be applied in principle to the valve and bubble cap trays, provided critical performance data are available. The numbers of flowpaths of liquid on tray are 1, 2, 3 or 4 as per liquid capacity requirement of column. Each hole is provided with riser small, short pipes set into the tray or chimney with a cap over it.
Measured murphree efficiencies, based on performance data from literature and improved phase equilibrium data, have been calculated to values between 51 and 76%. Acrobat pro dc will be set as your default pdf viewer, but you can reset reader as the default by opening reader dc application and going to. The bubble cap tray of claim 1 wherein a plurality of said cap and tray channels is combined to form a module, the two outside tray channels of said modules being inverted cap. Vapour rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the cap, and finally. For example we find use for the bubble cap and reverse flow trays in low. An improved bubble cap tray for use in vaporliquid contacting system constructed of channels of two different widths and thicknesses, each channel having a cross section shaped approximately like a block u, the wider channels forming the tray floor and chimneys, being spaced from each other with the sides of channels pointing upward and the space between two adjacent troughs being. The vapor rising through the column passes up through the riser in the tray floor and then is. On the other hand, bubble caps or even the more ancient tunnel cap trays are different, in that they do not depend on the vapor flow to retain the liquid level on. They are usually equipped with slots to allow the passage of vapor. Swan, cincinnati, ohio, assignor to the stand 1 aorltll oil company, cleveland, ohio, a corporation of 10 application july 22, 1954, serial no. An improved bubble cap tray for use in vaporliquid contacting system constructed of channels of two different widths and thicknesses, each channel having a cross section shaped approximately like a block u, the wider channels forming the tray floor and chimneys, being spaced from each other with the sides of channels pointing upward and the space between two adjacent troughs being closed. Bubble cap trays a riser or chimney is fitted over each hole, and a cap covers the riser. Large if froth is expected, also allow space for crawling 12 to 24.
Production of liquid fuel from plastic waste using integrated. Bubble cap tray is able to operate at low vapor and liquid rates less than 2 gpm per foot of average of flow width because liquid and foam is trapped on the tray to a depth at least equal. A tray consists of a metal plate having drilled or punched holes all over the plate. Bubble cap tray bubble cap trays are complex in structure. Setting the optimum net free area based on statistical references of existing c3 splitters. In bubble cap trays, vapor flowing up through the tower contacts the liquid by passing through.
Oct 16, 20 the sieve and bubble cap tray options in most commercially available programs should not be used for detailed design work. Here you can download the brochures from the section mass transfer trays. Equipment for distillation, gas absorption, phase dispersion. The flow depends on the length of the weir and how high the liquid level on the tray is above the weir. Bubble caps bubble cap bubble caps bubble cap tray. Vapor from the still pot rises into the column and enters a pipe on the bottom of the tray. The bubble cap plate is the traditional, oldest, type of crossflow plate, and many different designs have been developed. The less volatile components 1 boiling liquid mixture, 2 upwardmoving vapour phase, 3 condenser, 4 distillate the liquid mixture to be separated feed is fed to the column and partially evaporates on its way to the bottom of the. Bubble cap trays a bubble cap tray has riser or chimney fitted over each hole, and a cap that covers the riser. The cap is mounted with a space to allow vapour to rise through the chimney and be directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the cap, and bubbling through the liquid on the tray. Nov 01, 2003 in triethylene glycol teg dehydration, a bubble cap tray efficiency between 25 and 40% has normally been recommended in literature.
The bubble cap tray has the highest turndown ratio, with. As the caps are fabricated by deep drawing, the material thickness is about 1mm. Bubble cap tray the oldest widely used equilibriumstage plate is the bubble cap tray. Bubble cap tray is able to operate at low vapor and liqu id rates. There are various types of tray was used based on degree of product purity required, the type of fluids, fluid velocity and other process of the system. This article describes the procedure for designing an optimum sieve tray. If a bubble cap tray of this invention were used, one set of dimensions would in most instances be satisfactory. Each bubble cap assembly consists of a riser and a cap. Mass transfer occurs and a component is extracted from one stream. A distillation tray with high efficiency and excellent operating. Bubble shooter is such an intuitive game that it takes just seconds to get started. The gas pass way of the concap tray is similar to the bubble cap tray. The tray is an assembly of channels or troughs of two different widths, each channel having a cross section shaped approximately like a block u.
The cap is mounted so that there is a space between riser and cap to allow the passage of vapor. An improved distillation column downcomer x, y, in which the seal pan 10 of the downcomer is spaced above the adjacent lower tray and connected to the tray by a perforated plate 26, whereby the effective active tray area 22 is increased by placing that portion of the tray normaly occupied by the downcomer seal pan back into use as a portion of the tray through which vapor may pass for. Downcomer didesain supaya memiliki kapasitas handling liquid. Bubble cap trays situated at specific levels to recover the precise chemicals but each tray have bubble caps fitted over them to increase the surface area even while vapors towards the top of the.
Mass transfer efficiency of a smallsize teflon bubble cap tray. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. Hence, this type of tray can operate at a greater range of flow rates than the sieve tray, with a cost of only about 20% higher than a sieve tray. Bubble cap tray the vapor or gas rises through the opening in the tray into the bubble caps.
In bubble cap trays, vapor flowing up through the tower contacts the liquid by passing through bubble caps figure 6. Bubble cap trays use the tea cup style in industry today. Report bubble cap tray please fill this form, we will try to respond as soon as possible. A bubble cap tray has riser or chimney fitted over each hole, and a cap that covers the riser. The upper drawing shows a floating valve free to open and close with varying vapor flow rates. The relative free area riser area per active area is typically. The desired contacting between vapor and liquid occurs as the vapor, flowing upwards through the perforations, comes into contact with the liquid flowing downwards through the perforations. Typical bubble cap trays used in industrial distillation columns an example of a very simple tray is a perforated tray. Special features how to design and optimize bubble cap. Standard cap designs would now be specified for most applications. The feed tray divides the column into a top enriching or rectification section and a. Note 4a distillation efficiencies for tray and packed. A bubble cap tray is flat perforated plate which has a riser chimney for each hole cover with a cap mounted. The cap forces the vapor into the liquid sitting on top of the tray.
Vapour rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the cap, and finally bubbling. Some of the alcohol in the liquid vaporizes creating a higher concentration of alcohol and rises further in the column where the process is repeated at the net bubble cap tray. Downcomer dipasang pada tray sebagai tempat mengalirnya liquid dari tray di atasnya menuju tray di bawahnya. Pressure drop valve tray lebih rendah dibandingkan bubble cap, karena tidak memerlukan komponen seperti riser untuk jalur uap.
Ep0357303a1 downcomer, distillation tray assembly and. Masstransfer efficiency of a smallsize teflon bubblecap. Dengan menggunakan bahan yang sama, rasio harga bubble cap. Tn e ma n ww m 15 t j ai 6 m mw c 2,889,018 bubble tray support means charles j. Pdf masstransfer efficiency of a smallsize teflon bubblecap. Fluid velocity larger than ascending bubbles minimum width.
Masstransfer efficiency of a smallsize teflon bubblecap tray. Estimation of tray efficiency in dehydration absorbers. Download a free trial of a fully functional version of adobe acrobat pro dc. Faktor utama yang menyebabkan pressure drop adalah berat valve.
In this experiment, the bubble cap tray was used in this process. Column tray and packing design university of oklahoma. Kapasitas, sebetulnya tidak ada perbedaan kapasitas yang berarti, walau begitu kalau diurutkan dari besar ke kecil adalah sieve, valve, bubble cap. Due to the riser in the bubble cap, it is the only tray that can be designed to prevent liquid from weeping through the vapor passage. The vapor raises through the cap in the middle and is bubbled through the liquid on the stage. Explore how the acrobat pro pdf editor can simplify the work you do every day. The bubble cap tray of claim 1 wherein said end closure includes a brace firmly attached to said end closure and to said cap channel. Production of liquid fuel from plastic waste using. Distillation principles chemical engineering, 200711, rvce. The fri tray design handbook also contains design methods for dualflow trays sieve trays with no downcomers, bubble cap trays and baffle trays. Vapor rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the. Bubble cap design phases of matter chemical engineering.
Bubble cap tray columns are very often used in petroleum refineries. Today, new bubble cap trays are usually equipped with bubble caps with an outer cap diameter of 2 inch, 3 inch, 4 inch or 6 inch. Bubble cap trays situated at specific levels to recover the precise chemicals but each tray have bubble caps fitted over them to. The cap is mounted so that there is a space between riser and cap to allow the passage of vapour. Bubble cap tray and turndown the stability of sieve trays, movablevalve trays and fixedvalve trays was discussed in ref.
Bubble cap tray is device or packing that was mounted in a rectifying column that concentrates the alcohol. Bubble cap trays sieve trays valve trays typically, the liquid flow between trays is governed by a weir on each tray. Here, the steam flows through the openings in the bottom of the bubble cap. Pilot scale distillation column block iii utp, is used to make a case study in simulation. To keep the example simple assume that the tray is large and therefore that dimensions computed for one bubble cap will be satisfactory for the whole tray. The tray deck is a flat perforated plate 1 with risers around the. Tray design and operation mcgrawhill education access. An improved bubble cap tray for use in vaporliquid contacting system constructed of channels of two different widths and thicknesses, each channel having a cross section shaped approximately like a block u, the wider channels forming the tray floor and chimneys, being spaced from each other with. Bubble cap tray programs are difficult to use and require a large number of data items to describe the tray design. Expired lifetime application number us744053a inventor charles w blazer. Stripping is mainly conducted in trayed towers plate columns and packed columns, and less often in spray towers, bubble columns, and centrifugal contactors. Types of tray distillation column a bubble cap tray, b sieve tray c valve tray 16. Process conditions at 500650 c and of 580 c optimum liquid oil yield is 88 wt. Vapor rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap.
Column comprises of 15 bubble cap tray with the size of dn 150x5. Nov 01, 2019 the vapour flows through the 4 tray distillation bubble cap plate column for fractionation by utilising heat from the reactor. A cap is mounted over a riser in such a way that, a proper space for the passage of vapour should. From a capacity viewpoint, a liquid rate greater than 6 gpm inch of weir weir loading, is the rate at which a higher number of flow paths should be considered. A bubble cap tray is perforated flat plate which has a riser chimney over the holes covered with a cap. Pdf operational and economic assessment of distillation. Sieve tray is perforated plate with holes punched into the plate valve tray is using valve which is rise as vapor rate increase and then reduce as vapor rate fails, this stop the liquid from weeping. Trayed towers consist of a vertical column with liquid flowing in the top and out the bottom. Bubble cap trays are installed inside the column, as drawn in gure 3. For special materials types or thick materials, the caps are rolled and welded. Bubble cap design free download as powerpoint presentation. Turndown, a term for the decrease of efficiency due to low tray vapor velocity, is important to consider when using heat integrated distillation columns the images below show a sieve tray left, a valve tray center, and a bubble cap tray right. Interfacial area, turbulence and free flow area considerations are.
Some of the vapor condenses overflows the weir on the tray and falls down the column. The bubble cap tray of claim 1 wherein a plurality of said cap and tray channels is combined to form a module, the two outside tray channels of said modules being inverted cap channels. Phd, pe, in surface production operations third edition, volume 2, 2014 6. Use a trial chimney width of one inch, and a slot width of onehalf inch. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. To get support during your free trial, click here, where you can access a range of free information, including tutorials, forums, and expert advice. Long time motiviation is guaranted and the highscore is an additional motivation booster. A new method for predicting the plate efficiency of bubblecap columns. The francis weir equation is one example of how the flow off a tray may be modeled. In the lower part of gure 3, the bubble cap is seen from the side. This invention relates to an improved bubble cap tray for use in towers employed in liquidvapor contacting service such as distillation, absorption, and similar operations. Bubblecap tray vapor turndown chemical engineering page 1.
Pdf design and rating of trayed distillation columns. Bubble cap plates in which the vapour passes up through short pipes, called risers, covered by a cap with aserrated edge, or slots. The modular design of the bubble cap tray column allows the combination with various types of condensers and evaporators, e. The liquid enters the bubble cap stage through a pipe coming from a tray just above the depicted bubble cap tray. Pressure drop valve tray lebih rendah dibandingkan bubble. Liquid flows over caps, outlet weir and down comer to tray below. Discover recipes, home ideas, style inspiration and other ideas to try. An example of a bubble cap tray that could be found inside of a stripping column. A distillation column shell can be designed for use as a free. Sieve or valve trays control weeping by vapor velocity. The valve and bubble cap designs are often protected by patents, and thus the performance data are suppliedby the vendors.
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